The study of prophecy, or eschatology, necessitates the use of various words & phrases often unused & unfamiliar to conventional Bible study. The following Glossary of Terms, although by no means exhaustive, aims to shed light on some of the most important expressions & also includes other related subjects. This should help lead to a more complete understanding.......
A chief fallen angel of Satan that comes up from the bottomless pit, meaning place of destruction or destroyer, (Hebrew), also known by the Greek word Apollyon,(Rev. 9.11).
Also a parallel with Sheol, (Job 26.6; Prov. 15.11; 27.20;), & Death (Job 28.22), & with the Grave, (Ps. 88.11).
Generally an idolatrous practice that causes desolation, the presence of which is a portent of disaster.(Matthew 24.15; Mark 3.14), A title used for Antiochus Epiphanes, famous for defiling the Jewish Temple, (1 Mac. 1:10-25; Apocrypha), regarded as a type of Antichrist. Specifically, during the Great Tribulation, the establishment in the Temple of the Antichrist, whose aim is to force the Jews, along with the rest of mankind, to worship him, (2 Thes. 2. 3-4; Dan. 9.27; 11.31; 12.11).
The bottomless pit, abode of Satan and demons, where he is bound for the 1000 year millennium period. (Rev. 9. 1-2; 20.3). Geographically relates to the recesses of this hollow earth.
A system of interpretation which denies literal meaning of the text. Ultimately imaginative interpretation can allow one to make the Bible mean almost anything one desires it to mean.
The first letter of the Greek alphabet used with Omega (last letter) to refer to the beginning and the end. Used together they specifically encompass the continued infinite existence of Jesus Christ, (Rev. 1.8; 21.6; 22.13;).
May it be so! Used in the Old Testament to indicate agreement, to ratify something said, (Neh. 8.6;), or as a solemn response of approval by the people, (Psalm 106.48;). Later it was used to emphasize prayer, (Rom. 11.36;), or to express the confirmation of God’s promises, (Rev. 3.14;), being used by Jesus, to refer to Himself.
The theory that there will be no literal millennium. The prophetic passages of the Bible are spiritualized. As such there are a wide variety of interpretations among amillennialists.
Servants or Messengers of God, directed by God to give encouragement or instruction, (often at critical time), to those who are to receive salvation, (Heb. 1.14;). Angels are the agents by means of which God communicates with men, since it was believed that no man could see God himself and live, (Exo. 33.20;). They were sent to protect the needy and helpless, to comfort those who fear God, (Psalm 34.7;). In the New Testament/Covenant Jesus Christ is the intermediary between God and man, and the angels are subordinated to aiding him. They are not to be worshipped as Paul points out in his epistle to the Colossians, (Col.2.18). They also are representatives of the Churches, (Rev. 1.10;). There are also fallen / evil angels, (2 Cor.11:14; 2 Pet. 2.4; Jude 1:6). During the Tribulation period & the following arrival of God's Kingdom, the angels clearly play a vital & key role, including the activities of Satan's fallen angels before they are bound & judged. (Rev. 5:2; 7:1-2; 8:1-13; 9:1; 9:11-15; 10:1-11; 11:1; 11:15; 12:7-9; 14:6-10; 14:15-19; 15:1; 15:6-8; 16:1-17; 17:1 & 7; 18:1 & 21; 19:17; 20:1; 21:9 & 12 & 17; 22: 6 & 8 & 16;) The references in the Revelation to stars are also used to describe angels. (Rev. 1:16 & 20; 2:1; 3:1; 9:1; 12:1 & 4;).
An opponent of Christ who does not believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God, (1 John 2.22; 2John 7.2), Also a false prophet, (1 John 4.3). A literal person,Satan incarnate, who will rule briefly (3½ years), over people of all nations prior to the Second Coming of Christ.
Derived from the Greek word apokalypsis, which is apo,from, and kalypsis,that which is hidden. Hence, uncover, unveil, reveal, or revelation, as in the Book of Revelation, also referred to as The Apocalypse of Saint John the Divine. A word that is synonymous with the Second Coming of Jesus Christ or the Blessed Hope.
During the last two centuries before Christ and the first Christian century a number of Jewish writings had appeared but failed to gain acceptance at the council of Jamnia. These books are now called the Apocrypha, the word is from a Greek term meaning secret or hidden. Originally its use suggested that the books so designated contained esoteric truth to be communicated only to the initiated, being hidden from the outside world. It was the great Latin scholar Jerome who in the fifth century A.D. first applied the term to these books. The Apocrypha contains the important prophetic book 2 Esdras which has strong parallels with the books of Daniel & Revelation.
A falling away from, or desertion of, the Faith. Can also refer to those who outwardly demonstrate a Christian faithbuthave grown cold in their devotion to God.
The chest of acacia wood and gold which contained the two stone tablets inscribed with the Ten Commandments. It was kept in the holiest part of the Jewish Tabernacle, (Exod.25.10; Heb. 9.4).
The plain of Megiddo, near Samaria, scene of violent battles described in the Old Testament. Armageddon itself is mentioned once (Rev. 16.16) as a battleground where the armies of the world converge in preparation to fight in the final conflict.
A name attributed to Babylon, (in the land of Shinar), but specifically the tower or ziggurat that was built with the intention of reaching heaven. God punished them by preventing its completion and confounding the language of the people, thus scattering them to the four corners of the Earth, (Gen. 11.1-9).
Historically the chief city of Babylonia which was an empire in the lower valley of the Tigris & Euphrates rivers. (Also considered to be sited on the Garden of Eden area), an area that figures prominently in Bible prophecy, (Rev. 9.14; 16.12;). Prophetically refers to the deceptive apostate religious system, (Rev. 17), and the corrupt commercial system, (Rev. 18), possibly with a particular emphasis on the nation of America, with New York considered by some commentators as a contender for being the chief city of Babylon.
A wicked or vile person, specifically the Beast, (Rev. 13), who rules over people of every tribe, nation, race and language, also known as the Antichrist.
The period immediately preceding the Great Tribulation, (Math. 24.8; Mark 13.8), marked by the appearance of false prophets, false christs, wars rumours of wars, earthquakes, famines and pestilences, & various other documented signs.
A favour or gift bestowed by God bringing enjoyment, health, encouragement, happiness or prosperity. Made holy;enjoying the happiness of heaven; blissful.
A book mentioned in Psalm 69.28, kept by God for use at the last judgment. Thought to contain the names of those who are to receive eternal life, reside in the New Jerusalem, in the Kingdom of God. (Phil. 4.3; Rev.20.12, 15; 22.19).
Having received Jesus Christ as personal Lord & Saviour, acknowledging that Jesus died for ones sins, the blessing of the Holy Spirit is received, (John 3.3; John 3. 14-15; Gal. 3.24). The term born-again & saved are used synonymously.
A Church(Ekklesia), in the New Testament refers to a body of called out believers, (ek - out of; kaleo - call). Unlike the modern English definition of the Church being a building, the True Church can ONLY be discerned spiritually.
The Holy Ghost / Holy Spirit sent by Christ following his ascension to lead his followers into all truth. Comforter means more to strengthen and to bolster than to console.
A binding & solemn agreement between two or more parties, not necessarily equals, made out of loyalty to each other. Specifically the agreement between God & Man to maintain man’s continued life and welfare on condition of obedience to and Worship of God, through Jesus Christ.
Rewards granted to overcomers/believers at the Judgment Seat of Christ. Specifically, Incorruptible crown, (1 Cor. 9.25-27;) Crown of Life, (Rev.2.10;), Crown of Glory, (1 Pet. 5.2-4;), Crown of Righteousness, (2 Tim. 4.8;), Crown of Rejoicing, (1Thes.2.19-20;).
Also known as the Last Day a specific event at the end of the Great Tribulation culminating in the destruction of the unrepentant and followed by the establishment of the Millennial Kingdom of God.
Some commentators use this expression to refer to the entire tribulation period, others regard it as the same as Day of Judgment and even extend the expression to include the Millennium Kingdom. Other expressions include the Day of God & the Day of Retribution.
Satan,or Lucifer before his fall, leading one-third of the angelic beings, (incl. powers & principalities, in rebellion against God). Also known as the Dragon or the Serpent. The great deceiver who will indwell Antichrist / The Beast, during the Great Tribulation, using all his demonic forces, causing unbelievers to worship him, & persecute the elect of God, (Rev. 12.9-13;).
The scattering or dispersal of the Jews over Europe and Asia by Assyria (721 B.C.), & Rome (70 A.D.). Although losing their tribal lands they retained their identity, (John 7.35). The term can also be used to refer to Christians, (Jas. 1.1; Pet.1.1),one day the diaspora will be ended, (Jer.23.7-8;).
For the purpose of demonstrating the unseen occult influences on the world economy leading to the introduction of the Mark of the Beast (Rev.13), the Great Seal on the reverse side of the American one dollar bill can be used. This reveals symbols that have no relevance to America as a nation but exist for the purpose of Announcing the arrival of the New World Order.
Reading meaning into the text, depending on your own preconceived ideas. To insert meaning into the text from outside sources. Webster defines;improper method of exposition by which the expounder introduces his own ideas into the interpretation of the text, as opposed to exegesis.
A generic term used to refer to the period of signs & birth-pangs, leading up to, (& including), the Great Tribulation, (...prior to the establishment of the Kingdom of God).
A dimension outside of our present concept of time,without limits and without parameters. Particularly related to the primary hope of Christians, eternal life, (John 3.15).
Formerly the European Economic Community and prior to that the Benelux countries. Considered to be the fulfillment of prophetic scripture in Daniel & Revelation, regarding the Revived Roman Empire.
False Christs & False Prophets are one of the specific signs referred to relating to the end of the age prior to the Second Coming of Christ. The Book of Revelation specifically talks of one particular False Prophet who encourages the population of the world to receive the Mark of the Beast and to worship the Beast/Antichrist. (Rev. 11:7;13:1-4; 13:11-18; 14:9-11; 15:2; 16:2; 16:10; 19:20; 20:4; 20:10)
A secret society / fraternity considered to be the vehicle through which the Illuminati operates to control the world economy and bring about the New World Order.
Either symbolic or actual name for the forces of evil that are to oppose God, his people and the establishment of his Kingdom, (Rev. 20.8;). Derived from Gog, prince of Magog, (Ezek. 38.2; 39.1;). A tribe north of Israel, hostile to the Israelites, considered to relate to the modern country of Russia.
The Good News, the essential message of the Christian faith, as taught to the Apostles & by Jesus. Also a word that means absolute and irrefutable truth.
Unmerited love & favour of God toward man, the quality of God that leads him to bestow eternal blessings on man and provide salvation through his Son Jesus Christ.
A specific period referred to by Old & New Testament writers when the world will experience a period of judgment unlike any previously experienced, or any other to come. Also referred to as the Day of the Lord. Most specifically the final three and one half year period marked by the reign of the Antichrist / Beast. Preceded by the period known as the Beginning of Sorrows, the first three & one half years of Daniels 70th week. (7 Year period).
A solemn period of judgment folowing the Millennial Kingdom when the unsaved dead will have their final fate determined. Generally thought to be carried out by the Lord Jesus Christ.
Corresponds to the Hebrew word Sheol and refers to the state or resting place of the dead, can be translated as Hell in some versions. (Matt. 11.23; Luke 10.15;).
The sacrament, or formal ceremony, commemorating the Lords Supper,or Passover,consecrated bread and wine, representing the Body & Blood of Christ. Communion is a time to meditate upon the Victories of the Cross & to look forward to the Blessed Hope!
The Spirit of God, (the Spirit of the Lord), the third person of the Holy Trinity. The underlying meaning of the Greek and Hebrew words are breath or wind... (Acts 2; 9.31; Phil.2.1-2; 1 Cor. 12;). The source of inspiration to the writers of Holy Scripture, who leads into ALL truth, (John 16:13) Spoken of as a HE (rather than an IT), whose special office was / is to bring fulfillment in human experience of the redemptive work of Christ.
A name attributed to a secret society, considered to be composed of high ranking freemasons, whom are responsible for the control of global politics/economics leading to the New World Order.
The spiritual realm of God throughout which His will is in complete control. Not mentioned in the Old Testament it becomes reality as Revealed by Jesus, (Luke 17.20-21;).
Taking the plain meaning of the text, with consideration of the culture, background and understanding of both the writer and the original recipient. Seeking the actual meaning inherent in the text without reading anything into it. See also Exegesis
The mark, (a microchip implant, using the 666 code), received on the right hand or the forehead, without which no one will be able to buy or sell under the reign of the Beast or Antichrist, during the Great Tribulation, (Rev.13. 16-18;).
The mid-point of the seven year tribulation period, leading in to the Great Tribulation generally used in reference to theory of a Mid-Tribulation Rapture.
A period of One Thousand Years...a literal One Thousand Year period in which Jesus Christ will rule on earth after His literal return at the end of this age.
Various references occur in scripture to the subject of mystery. The mystery of the Kingdom of God, (Mark 4.11). The mystery of Israel, (Rom. 11.25;). The mystery of the Rapture, (1 Cor. 15.51;)., (a component of the Blessed Hope). In each case the inference is that these are mysteries that God by His Holy Spirit, wishes his people to understand, to recieve edification. There are however some mysteries which do still remain following a thorough study of Bible prophecy.
Following the Millennium & the regeneration of the New Heaven & the New Earth, the New Jerusalem will come down and the Tabernacle of God will be with mankind, (Rev. 21;).
The political & commercial vehicle that the Beast/Antichrist will use to gain domination and control of people from every tribe, nation, race and language. Generally thought to be an extension of the existing United Nations & E.C.
William of Occam (Ockham), a 14th century English Philosopher, a scholastic logician, and a Franciscan monk. Occam’s Razor was the rule of reducing assumptions to the absolute minimum. Determining that scientific and philosophic theories should be kept as simple as possible, disregarding unknown quantities.
A general term for those Christians who win the victory, particularly in the face of much tribulation.Caleb, an overcomer, Numbers 13:30; Jesus...I have overcome the world.John 16:33; John...ye have overcome the wicked one.1 John 2:13-14; & 1 John 4:4; The Lamb, Jesus... and the Lamb shall overcome them: Revelation 17:14
The Jewish festival commemorating the passover of the angel of death, which smote the first-born of the Egyptians. Their exists a strong parallel between this and the divine protection afforded in the Great Tribulation to those who have the victory through the Blood of the Lamb, (faith in Jesus Christ).
A Jewish festival celebrating the close of the spring harvest. Aslo called the feast of weeks, (Ex.34.22). The Christian festival of Whitsunday, (also called Pentecost), celebrates the descent & supernatural empowerment of the Holy Spirit on the Church, (Acts 2.1; 20.16; 1 Cor. 16.8). & still continues today.
The false belief that the Church will conquer and dominate the world, thus ushering in the visible Kingdom before the return of Christ. When the Church has accomplished this task then Jesus will return.
The belief that the Church will be Raptured prior to the Great Tribulation, on the basis that the coming judgment being the Wrath of God, & Christians are delivered from the wrath to come, ( 1 Thes. 1.10;).
That which regards future events as so certain so as to speak of them as already having been accomplished, (Isa. 53. 3-9;), is an example of prophetic proleptic speech. Although written in 700 B.C. the words of the prophecy speak of Christ’s sufferings as already having been accomplished!
A person who speaks for God & makes known his will, a divinely inspired seer who has been given an insight into the otherwise unrevealed world of the future. A servant of God who conveys His word to man, disclosing future judgments with appropriate warnings and rebukes regarding mankind’s spiritual condition.
Prior to the Millennium, Christ will remove the believingChurch from the earth. Some interpretations place this event at the start of the Great Tribulation, some during, & some towards the end. It is important to know that before the Lord Jesus Christ places his feet on the Mount of Olives, he will gather the Church unto himself, the Church returns with him in victory for the establishment of the Visible Kingdom.
One who redeems or sets free. The death of Christ is the price paid for man’s redemption. Achieving deliverance from the enslavement of sin, granting forgiveness and release to an eternal freedom in Christ.
A decisive change of attitude brought about by a deep feeling of sorrow over one’s sins, causing one to turn to God and to accept his will. Repentance is inseparable from faith and is a condition for forgiveness & salvation;without becoming aware of one’s sin and rebelling against it, (repenting) one has not entered into the Christian life,(Matt.3. 2,8; 2 Pet. 3.9).
A rising from the dead, coming back to life; specifically the rising of Jesus from the dead after his death and burial; the restoration of his physical life and the reunion of his body with his spirit, brought about by the power of God, (Matt. 27.53; Acts 1.22; 2.31). Also refers to the rising from the dead at the last judgment, (Matt. 22. 30-31;).
Those who accept Jesus Christ as personal Lord and Saviour. A generic term used for all Born-Again believers who constitute the True Church & the Body of Christ & the Bride of Christ.
Also referred to as the Blessed Hope of the Church, (Titus 2.13;).The Coming of our Lord Jesus Christ in glory to judge the quick and the dead. An event referred to more than 300 times in the New Testament.
The use of symbols to convey a particular message. The Bible contains many symbols and occasionally the context demands a symbolic interpretation. For example the parable of the Fig Tree, (Matt. 24.32;). It is important to remember that the Bible is it’s own interpreter and one should not use sources from outside of scripture.
An actual person referred to in Revelation who will encourage people from every tribe nation race & language to worship the beast & receive the mark of the beast.
The law of God, especially as the Dominionists and Reconstructionists plan to re-establish Old Testament law over the nations, with themselves as governors and judges to administer these laws
The Glorified change of Jesus on the mountain in the presence of three of his disciples, (Matt. 17 Mark 9;), (Considered by some commentators to be a rehearsal for the Second Coming, meeting Elijah and Moses who could possibly be the Two Witnesses, (Rev 11;). Regardless the event convinced the disciples of the divinity of Christ and that he was sent by God the Father.
A tree in the Garden of Eden whose fruit Adam and Eve were forbidden to eat, (Gen. 2.9-17). They were expelled from the garden for eating this fruit. The exact nature of the tree and what it may have symbolized has caused much debate.
A tree in the Garden of Eden which if eaten would confer everlasting life, (Gen 2.9;). Also mentioned in Revelation as a tree in the heavenly Jerusalem, whose leaves are for the healing of the nations, (Rev.22.2;).
The final seven year period prior to the return of Jesus Christ is established from Daniel 9:27, where a peace covenant is established, then broken mid-week,(one week/ shabua = seven years), this then leads to the Great Tribulation a 1290 day period, during which the Beast/Antichrist will rule and persecute the Jews & Saints. Refer also to Great Tribulation.
In the Old Testament used in the Festival of Trumpets, commemorating the regathering of the Israelites to their homeland, (Lev. 23. 24,25: Num.29. 1-6; Neh. 8.2, 9-12). Also used as a signal for giving public announcements, ( 2 Kings 9.13;), as an alarm announcing danger, (Amos 3.6;), & as a signal for battle, (Jud. 3.27;). In the Revelation of John the seven trumpet judgments follow the seal judgments & are succeeded by the bowl judgments, (Rev. 8.2;).
Two specific individuals referred to in Revelation 11 who minister in Jerusalem during the tribulation period, opposing the Beast / Antichrist proclaiming the Gospel and having supernatural power to destroy those who challenge them. Although their actual identitities are a mystery, speculation considers them to be possibly Moses & Elijah. (With Enoch also being considered another possibility).
A doctrine taught and generally accepted in most liberal theological colleges that although accepting the significance of the death of Jesus Christ in being the propitiation for the sins of the world, suggests that all who have lived since Calvary are effectively saved. This doctrine uses text such as Colossians 1:20 to support its belief yet ignores the wealth of text that proves this to be heresy.
Three specific severe judgments mentioned in the Book of Revelation, also known as the Horrors. Relating particularly to the 5th, 6th & 7th trumpet judgments.